Horse illness shares signs of human disease

The findings shed new light on the causes of the rare but predominately fatal horse condition and could help to develop new tools for diagnosing the illness.

Scientists say that horses affected by the disease - called equine grass sickness - could also hold clues to human conditions.

Nerve condition

Grass sickness attacks nerve cells in horses but the causes of the disease are unknown. It causes gastric upset and muscle tremor and can kill within days.

If diagnosed quickly, animals can sometimes be nursed back to health.

Post mortem

Researchers from the University of Edinburgh’s Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies looked at nerve tissue from six horses that had died from equine grass sickness in a bid to investigate the causes of the condition.

They found that the horse tissue contained proteins that are commonly seen in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease - such as the build-up of amyloid protein.

New tests

In total, 506 different proteins were found to be altered in nerve tissue from horses with grass sickness, compared with animals that had died from other causes.

This knowledge could help to develop tests for detecting the condition in horses, which can be tricky to diagnose.

This is the first study to show similarities between an apparently unrelated neurodegenerative disease of large animals and human neurological conditions. Although the causes of these conditions are unlikely to be shared, the findings suggest that similar mechanisms could be involved in the later stages of disease.

Dr Tom Wishart

Grass sickness

Around two per cent of horses die from grass sickness each year in the UK.

The disease occurs almost exclusively in grass-fed animals, including ponies and donkeys. A similar condition is thought to affect cats, dogs, hares, rabbits, llamas and possibly sheep.

Study

The study is published in the journal Molecular and Cellular Proteomics. It was funded by The Equine Grass Sickness Fund.

The Roslin Institute receives strategic funding from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.